• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a gravel pack system includes a service tool used to maintain a pressure of the wellbore below a hydraulic packer at the same pressure of workstring tubing above the hydraulic packer, prior to and during setting the hydraulic packer. The service tool includes a washpipe disposed at a lower portion of the service tool, a crossover port in a wall of the service tool that enables fluid to flow between workstring tubing and a space between the service tool and a completion string. The service tool also includes a valve disposed in the wall of the service tool that directs fluid from the space between the service tool and the completion string into the service tool and toward the washpipe when the valve is open, the valve being closeable in response to compression of the service tool.
    公开号:ES2659836A2
    申请号:ES201790027
    申请日:2014-12-31
    公开日:2018-03-19
    发明作者:William Mark Richards
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    GRAVEL PACKING SYSTEM IN A WELL AND METHODRELATED Technical field
    The present description relates generally to well completion operations and, more particularly, to a gravel packing service tool with a closed compression valve to improve pressure maintenance. Background
    Hydrocarbons, such as oil and gas, are commonly obtained from underground formations that may be located on land or offshore. The development of underground operations and the processes involved in the removal of hydrocarbons from an underground formation typically involve a number of different stages, such as, for example, the drilling of a well in a desired well installation, treatment of the well to optimize the hydrocarbon production, and the completion of the necessary stages to produce and process the hydrocarbons of the underground formation.
    After drilling a well that crosses an underground formation that contains hydrocarbons, a variety of well tools can be placed in the well during completion, production, or corrective activities. It is a common practice in the termination of oil and gas wells to establish a pipe chain, known as casing pipe, in the well to insulate the various formations penetrated by the well from the well drilling. The casing pipe is typically drilled on the opposite side of the formation to provide flow paths for valuable fluids from the formation to the well. If the production line is simply lowered into the well and the fluids are allowed to flow directly from the formation, in the drilling of the well, and through the production line to the earth's surface, the fine sand of the formation could be swept along with the fluids and brought to the surface by the fluids.
    Gravel packing operations are typically performed in underground wells to prevent fine particles of sand or other debris from being produced along with valuable fluids extracted from the formation. If they occur (e.g., they are carried to the surface of the earth), fine sand tends to erode production equipment, clog sieves, and present disposal problems. Conventional gravel packing operations prevent fine sand from being swept into the production pipe through the installation of a sand sieve at the end of the production pipe. The well is then filled in an annular area between the sieve and the casing with a relatively large grain of sand or with ceramic proppant (ie "gravel"). The gravel prevents fine sand from clogging around the production pipe and the sieve, and the sieve prevents the large grain of sand from entering the production pipe.
    Gravel packing systems generally include a packer that is fixed to seal and anchor the gravel packing system and the production pipe in place inside the drilled well. Currently, the work pipe chain is connected below the packer and pressure is applied to the production pipe to fix the packer. The production pipe is then raised to position the production pipe for the pumping operations of the gravel packing. Unfortunately, this elevation of the gravel packing system while the production line is connected can lead to a pressure differential between the components above and below the packer. This pressure differential can pull parts of the formation into the well, which leads to plugging or collapse of the formation around the gravel packing system sieve. Brief description of the drawings
    For a more complete understanding of this description and its characteristics and advantages, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a gravel packing system in a pit environment, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 2 is a schematic view of certain components of the gravel packing system of Fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gravel packing system of Fig. 1 with an open pressure maintenance valve, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 4 is a schematic close-up view of the gravel packing system of Fig. 3, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gravel packing system of Fig. 1 with a closed pressure maintenance valve, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 6 is a schematic close-up view of the gravel packing system of Fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the present description;
    Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of components of the gravel packing system of Fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present description; Y
    Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of components of the gravel packing system of Fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present description. Compendium of the invention
    Illustrative embodiments of the present description are described in detail herein. For the sake of clarity, not all features of a real implementation are described in this specification. Of course, it will be appreciated that in the development of any real realization of this type, numerous specific decisions must be made to achieve the specific objectives of the developers, such as compliance with system-related and business-related restrictions, which They will vary from one implementation to another. In addition, it will be appreciated that such a development effort can be complex and time consuming, but nevertheless, it will be a routine task for those skilled in the art who have the benefit of the present description. Also, for no reason should the following examples be read as limiting or defining the scope of the description herein.
    Certain embodiments according to the present description can be directed to a gravel packing system that has a valve that can be closed to provide pressure maintenance to an underground formation before and while fixing a gravel packing system packer inside a well . More specifically, the gravel packing system may include a service tool that provides maintenance of the pressure to the formation, by maintaining fluid communication between the work pipe chain to which the gravel packing system is coupled and the annular space of the well below the packer, before and during the fixation of the packer. Thus, pressure maintenance can be provided by the flow of fluids through the work pipe chain. The service tool can also be configured for other tasks, such as providing washing applications. Maintaining the pressure through the available formation using the described service tool can prevent the soft gravel packing system from forming after fixing the packer. That is, the service tool can maintain the formation pressure below the packer at the same pressure as the fluid in the work pipe chain such that lifting the service tool does not create a vacuum in the bottom of the water well. The creation of this vacuum or suction force in the well below the packer, also known as "softness of the formation", can lead to the collapse of a perforated part of the formation.
    Referring now to Fig. 1, an example of a well operating environment 10 is shown. As depicted, the operating environment 10 includes a gravel packing system 12 that has been placed in the well 14 that crosses an underground formation or zone 16. All or part of the gravel packing system 12 can be placed in a jacketed part or not jacketed from well 14. In the illustrated embodiment, system 12 includes a gravel packing packager 18, a positioning tool 20, a service tool 22, an external termination chain such as a circulation jacket 24 of the packing gravel, and one or more sieves 26.
    The gravel packing packer 18 is fixed in the well 14 to insulate an area of the well 14 below the packer 18 for gravel packing. After the packer 18 is fixed in the well 14, an annular space 28 between the sieves 26 of the well and the perforation of the well 14 can be filled with gravel 30, as described in detail below. The fixing tool 20 can be part or coupled to the service tool 22, and the fixing tool 20 is designed to fix the packer 18. The packer 18 can be a mechanical or hydraulic fixing packer. In such cases, the fixing tool 20 can fix the packer 18 by directing the pressurized hydraulic fluid to apply a compressive force to the packer 18, thereby sealing the gravel packing part of the borehole bore 14. After fixing From the packer 18, the fixing tool 20 can be released from the packer 18, allowing the service tool 22 and fixing tool 20 to move axially (in a direction along the axis 31) through the gravel packing system 12 to open and close the circulation jacket 24.
    As illustrated, the gravel packing system 12 can be coupled to a tubular chain 32 (eg, work pipe chain) that is transported in the well 14. The system 12 can be lowered into the well 14 by means of the tubular chain 32. The tubular chain 32 can move up and down at different points while the system 12 is placed in the well 14 and after the fixing tool 20 fixes the packer 18 for gravel packing operations .
    Existing gravel packings typically close the part of the tubular chain above the packer from the service tool part and borehole, below the packer while fixing the packer. For example, some of the existing gravel packings use a sphere that is released to block the flow of fluid from the tubular chain through the gravel packing system, in order to divert the high pressure fluid to fix the packer. However, such a technique does not allow maintenance of pressure through borehole drilling. That is, these techniques can allow the tubular chain above the packer to reach pressures much greater than the well pressure below the packer. At this point, if the tubular chain is lifted, the pressure differential can lead to undesirable smoothness of the formation. In order to avoid the smoothness of the formation 16 before and while fixing the packer 18, the described system 12 includes a service tool 22 that allows the maintenance of the pressure throughout the well 14, before and during the process of positioning the packer. As will be discussed in detail below, the service tool 22 may include an inner tube (e.g., circulation hole) defining a valve conduit to direct a fluid flow from the tubular chain 32 to a wash tube 34 (lower part of the service tool 22) and into the well 14 below the packer 18. In this way, the system 12 may be able to fix the packer 18 without blocking the flow of fluid from the working pipe chain through the service tool 22. After fixing the packer 18, the system 12 can close a valve in the service tool 22, and thereby close the flow of fluid through the service tool 22, such that gravel packing operations can be performed.
    It should be noted that, although Fig. 1 represents a vertical well, the principles of the present description can also be well adapted for use in deviated wells, inclined wells, horizontal wells, or multilateral well terminations. Likewise, the operating environment 10 of the well represented in Fig. 1 can be provided through the use of an offshore platform, a ground drilling and production of drilling equipment, maintenance equipment, or other oil and gas equipment located at any desired geographic location.
    Having now discussed the general operational context in which the service tool 22 can be used, a more detailed description of various embodiments of the service tool 22 will be provided. Fig. 2 schematically represents the components of the service tool 22 and of the fixing tool 20 that can be used to fix the packer 18, while providing pressure maintenance in the well 14. It should be noted that other types of tool fixing 20 can be used in other embodiments of the gravel packing system 12 described. In the illustrated embodiment, the service tool 22 may use a battery-operated fixing tool 20 to fix the gravel packing packager 18. For example, the illustrated service tool 22 may include an electric pump 50 connected to the tool 20 electric fixing. The electric pump 50 can use filtered well fluids or use a reservoir of
    hydraulic fluid (or any other fluid) 52 directed towards a hydraulic piston 53 to provide the compression force to fix the hydraulic packer. The electric pump 50 can be powered by a battery pack 54, and controlled in response to the sensor 56 which measures, for example, the hydraulic fluid pressure that goes to the piston 53, temperature, or stresses and deformations in components of the tool. service 22.
    The service tool 22 illustrated can use the battery-operated fixing tool 20 to fix the packer 18, such that the gravel packing system 12 does not have to use a launched sphere to pressurize the fixing tool 20. At use a launched sphere, system 12 would allow not
    interrupt the flow of fluid through the internal flow tube of the service tool 22. This may allow the service tool 22 to maintain pressure through the well 14 without having to use a more complicated flow deflection configuration. Also, the absence of a launched sphere can simplify the service tool 22, since the ball seat and the corresponding sleeves are not needed to operate the fixing tool 20. Additionally, the fixing method of the described service tool it can reduce the number of balls that do not seal properly in the tubular chain or in the gravel packing system 12, thus increasing the reliability of the operation of the system. Moreover, the service tool 22 that does not use a launched sphere to drive the fixing tool 20 can eliminate the drilling time normally spent waiting for a launched sphere to fall on the service tool 22. Again, it should be noted that others Types of service tools 22 and general gravel packing systems 12 can be used in other embodiments to facilitate maintenance of pressure along well 14 before and during fixing of packer 18, regardless of how service tool 22 actuates the fixing tool 20.
    Figs. 3-6 illustrate an embodiment of certain components of the gravel packing system 12 that can be used to provide pressure maintenance through the well 14. Specifically, the illustrated embodiments show the service tool 22, which is, at least partially, arranged in the circulation jacket 24. Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the service tool 22 in operation when the gravel packing system 12 is being lowered into the well 14 by the working pipe chain 32 while fixing the packer 18 (as shown in Fig. 1) . At this point, the system 12 provides maintenance of the pressure to the well 14 allowing the fluid to flow from the working pipe chain 32 coupled to the top of the service tool 22, through the service tool 22, down in the washing tube 34 (described above in reference to Fig. 1), and through the sieves 26 inside the well 14 in a position below the packer 18. As discussed above, this can hold approximately the same pressure both above and below the packer 18, before and during the fixation of the packer 18. Thus, if the service tool 22 is lifted after the packer is fixed, it does not create a suction force through the lower part of well 14.
    As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the service tool 22 of the gravel packing system 12 includes a crossing hole 70 and a valve 72 which are used to direct the flow of fluids through the service tool 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve 72 is disposed below a crossing hole 70 (when the service tool 22 is oriented vertically inside the well 14), and the valve 72 may be open while the gravel packing system 12 enters the well 14 and while the packer is fixed. The valve 72, when open, facilitates a flow of fluid from the working pipe chain 32, through the service tool 22 to the wash tube described above. When the valve 72 is closed, the service tool 22 directs the flow of fluids from the coupled work pipe chain to an upper part of the service tool 22, in the annular space 28 between the circulation jacket 24 and the well 14.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the service tool 22 includes two inner jackets 74 and 76 arranged within the circulation jacket 24. The first sleeve 74 may be referred to as a mandrel sleeve 74 in some embodiments. The second shirt 76 may be referred to as a housing shirt 76. The terms "mandrel shirt" 74 and "housing shirt" 76 refer to the location of the shirts with each other, since the mandrel shirt 74 can be received at least partially inside the housing jacket 76. The opening and closing action of the valve 72 can be actuated by sliding those shirts 74 and 76 together, as described in detail below. As illustrated, the crossing hole 70 may be formed in the sleeve of the mandrel 74 while the valve 72 may be formed in the sleeve of the housing 76. However, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the crossing hole 70 and the valve 72 may be arranged opposite to the jackets 74 and 76. In additional embodiments, both the crossing hole 70 and the valve 72 can be formed in the same jacket (eg, 74 or 76). Even in further embodiments, the valve 72 may include holes formed through both sleeves 74 and 76.
    As mentioned above, the illustrated valve 72 is in an open position. Specifically, the valve 72 may include a hole in the housing 78 formed through the sleeve of the housing 76 that allows fluid to flow from a space 80 (between the circulation jacket 24 and the sleeve of the housing 76) and an internal part or fluid path 82 through service tool 22 (under a crossing hole 70). While the valve 72 is open, a return orifice 84 of the service tool 22 can be sealed in the hole of the packer, such that the flow of fluids within the fluid path 82 is directed downward through the tool service wash tube and inside well 14.
    When the valve 72 is in this open position, the system 12 can be used for pressure maintenance or as a washing system. The service tool 22 can form a continuous flow line between the work pipe chain 32 coupled thereto and the wash tube at the bottom of the service tool
    22. The treatment fluids can be pumped through the working pipe chain, through the open valve 72 of the service tool 22, and into the fractured area of the well 14. Thus, the service tool 22 it can facilitate both the maintenance of the pressure through the well 14 and any desired washing treatment while the valve 72 is open.
    To keep the valve 72 open during operation and the packing set-up operations, the valve 72 can be fixed in the open position. For example, as illustrated in Fig. 4, one or more cutting bolts 86 can be coupled between the mandrel sleeve 74 and the housing sleeve 76 to hold the valve 72 in the open position. In other embodiments, the service tool 22 may include a spring or other inclination components used to hold the valve 72 in the open position.
    As shown above, the valve 72 can be opened when the fixing tool 20 fixes the packer 18 (as described in reference to Fig. 1). This allows the inner diameter of the working pipe chain 32 to remain open to the formation while the packer is fixed. The packer can be fixed, as described above, and test the pressure using the pumped fluid in an annular space 27 (over the packer), shown in Fig. 1. During all that time, the fluid from the pipeline chain Working 32 can flow through the valve 72 of the service tool 22 and into the formation below the packer. Thus, when the service tool 22 is lifted after fixing the packer to the position of the first pump, the formation does not soften due to a pressure differential between the working pipe chain 32 above the packer and well 14 below the packer.
    Unlike the existing gravel packings, the described system 12 uses fluid from the working pipe chain 32, not fluid from the annular space, to facilitate the maintenance of the pressure of the well 14. In this way, the pressure can be maintained even while the packer is being fixed to form a pressure seal that isolates one part of the annular space from another. Additionally, by providing pressure maintenance through the working pipe chain 32 instead of the annular space 27, the service tool 22 may be smaller compared to tools that use the fluid from the annular space above the packer. to provide pressure maintenance.
    In some embodiments, the use of fluid flow from the work pipe chain 32 may allow service tool 22 to perform operations other than pressure maintenance only. For example, an acid treatment fluid can be pumped from the working pipe chain 32 through the open valve 72, the wash tube, and the sieves to further stimulate the formation. To provide this stimulation position, the service tool 22 may have the valve 72 open and the return port 84 sealed to direct the high pressure acid treatment fluid into the perforated formation.
    The service tool 22 may include certain features that help maneuver the valve 72 from an open position to a closed position after the packer is fixed. In the illustrated embodiment, the service tool 22 may include the valve 72, a multi-acting retaining ball 88, and a settling collar 110. The valve 72 can be used with a single-acting collar or with a multi-acting collar . In some embodiments, the valve 72 can be used with a multi-action check ball, a reverse-action check ball valve (RABC), or a reverse multi-action valve (MARV). in English). The multi-action retention ball 88 can be fixed open in the operating position, as illustrated. This allows the fluid to flow through the valve 72 to continue along the fluid path 82 towards the wash tube at the bottom of the service tool 22.
    Fig. 4 illustrates the flow of fluid through the service tool 22 when the valve 72 is open. First, the fluid can flow from the working pipe chain 32 outwardly through a crossing hole 70 (e.g. arrows 90) in the space 80 between the service tool 22 and the circulation jacket 24. From there, the fluid can only flow into valve 72 (e.g., arrow 92) since the other exits in space 80 are sealed. For example, the system 12 may include a seal 94 formed between the service tool 22 and a projection of the circulation jacket 24, as well as a locking component 96 positioned on a circulation hole 98 (e.g., the tube inside) in the circulation jacket 24. The fluid can flow through the valve 72 open in the fluid path 82 inside the service tool 22, through the multi-action retaining ball 88, as shown in Fig. 3, and towards the washing tube, as illustrated by arrows 100. Thus, the open valve 72 maintains an open flow line between the work pipe chain 32 coupled to the gravel packing system 12 above the packer, and the wash tube part of the service tool 22 below the packer, before and while fixing the packer.
    After the packer is fixed, it may be desirable to close the valve 72 in order to route gravel through the service tool 22 in the annular space 28 for gravel packing. When it is time to perform the operation of
    Gravel packing, an operator can close the valve 72. In some embodiments, the mechanism for closing the valve 72 includes the settlement collar 110. The valve 72 can be closed when the weight applied from the surface (e.g., by means of the working pipe chain 32) force the mandrel sleeve 74 in the seating position, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6
    In some embodiments, the closing operation may depend on an operator who controls the work pipe chain, first picking up and then setting the weight on the mandrel sleeve 74. As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5, the service tool 22 may include the settlement collar 110 in the housing jacket 76, while the circulation jacket 24 may include a portion of the corresponding indicator collar 112 designed to engage with the settlement collar 110 under certain conditions . To close the valve 72, an operator can control the working pipe chain to lift the service tool 22 with respect to the stationary circulation jacket 24 until the settlement collar 110 in the jacket of the
    housing 76 is located in the part of the indicator collar 112, as illustrated in Fig. 5. From this position, the operator can control the working pipe chain to lower (eg place the settlement down) the tool of service 22. The portion of the indicator collar 112 can keep the housing sleeve 76 moving down in response to the applied weight, and compression of the mandrel sleeve 74 with respect to the housing sleeve 76 can cut the cutting bolts 86 or retain a collar to close the valve 72. In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 3-6, the mandrel sleeve 74 may include an extension 114 designed to substantially cover and block the hole 78 through the housing sleeve 76, and thus, close and seal the valve 72.
    The method described above for closing the valve 72 can be performed with a relatively low wait time, or none, compared to systems using spheres launched to close a valve. Additionally, the service tool 22 can use a robust design constructed from components with high reliability, such that the valve 72 can be easily controlled by a surface operator. It should be noted that other configurations of the service tool 22 may have a valve 72 that can be closed using a method similar to placing a settlement on a collar element of the service tool 22.
    Certain embodiments of the service tool 22 may include a locking mechanism to keep the valve 72 in the closed position after it is closed. For example, as described in detail below, the service tool 22 may include a locking ring or retaining ring that blocks the closed valve 72 by locking the mandrel sleeve 74 and housing sleeve 76 in a fixed position between yes. In other embodiments, the service tool 22 may be designed to allow the valve 72 to selectively close or reopen multiple times without locking it in the closed position. This option can be particularly useful if the service tool 22 is being used to perform the gravel packing operation and to perform fractures or other work while it is at the bottom of the well.
    After the valve 72 is closed, the service tool 22 can be used to perform the gravel packing operation, as illustrated in Fig. 6. First, the fluid can flow from the working pipe chain 32 outwards. through a crossing hole 70 (e.g. arrows 130) in the space 80 between the service tool 22 and the circulation jacket 24. From this point, the fluid can only flow into the circulation hole 98 and that the other exits in space 80 are sealed. The valve 72 is closed by the extension 114 disposed above the hole 78. Additionally, the system 12 may include the seal 94 formed between the service tool 22 and the circulation jacket 24, and the blocking component 96 may be pushed into the circulation hole 98 to allow fluid to flow out of the circulation jacket 24 through the hole 98.
    The fluid can flow through the annular space 28 outward from the gravel packing system 12 and into the sieves of the system 12, as shown by arrows 132. The fluid return from the gravel packing operation can come through the sieves of the gravel packing system 12 and upwards in the washing tube within the fluid path 82 of the service tool 22, as shown by arrows 134. From this point, the return of the fluid can flow beyond the valve 72 closed and the return path 84 (eg, arrow 136) through the cross section of the service tool 22. Thus, the closed valve 72 allows the fluid to transport proppants or particles from the working pipe chain 32 to the annular space 28 around the sieves, in order to establish a gravel packing to control the production of sand in the formation. Once the gravel packing has been performed as described above, the gravel packed in the annular space 28 of the well 14 can avoid any unwanted effects (e.g., smooth formation) caused by lifting the service tool 22 with valve 72 closed through well 14.
    Although the valve opening / closing mechanism, fluid flow path, and gravel operations available through the service tool 22 described have been described above in reference to Figs. 3-6, it should be noted that specific tool configurations can be used to provide the same effects. For example, Figs. 7 and 8 provide two different embodiments of components of the service tool 22 that can be used to provide maintenance of the desired pressure through the well 14 before and during the packer fixing operation.
    For example, Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the service tool 22 that includes a cross hole 70 formed in the sleeve of the mandrel 74 and the valve 72 that can be closed, formed by overlapping sections of the sleeve of the mandrel 74 and the housing jacket 76. As stated above, the valve 72 can be opened in operation to provide a fluid path from the working pipe chain to the service tool wash tube 22. When the valve 72 is in this open position, as illustrated, a fluid flow can exit through a crossing hole 70 and enter service tool 22 again, through the hole of the housing 78 and a corresponding mandrel hole 150 formed through the mandrel sleeve 74. Thus, the bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 can together form the valve 72. The valve 72 opens when the bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 is aligned, and the valve 72 closes when the bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 are no longer aligned. The valve 72 can be closed with the settling weight or with the compression applied to the mandrel sleeve 74 of the service tool 22. Such compression can move the seals 152 formed on a surface of the housing sleeve 76 (around the housing hole 78) upwards on a sealing surface 154 of the mandrel sleeve 74. Additionally, a locking ring 156 disposed in the housing sleeve 76 can engage a corresponding fastening profile 158 formed in the sleeve of the mandrel 74 for lock the mandrel sleeve 74 and the housing sleeve 76 in the compressed position. This can effectively block the valve 72 in the closed position, so that the fluid is then directed into the annular space to perform the gravel packing operation, as described above.
    Other embodiments of the service tool 22 can also be used with the blocking valve 72. For example, as shown in Fig. 8, a crossing hole 70 can be arranged in the housing sleeve 76 and the valve components 72 can be placed near a crossing hole 70. In this illustrated embodiment, the valve 72 it can be opened during the operating position to provide a fluid path from the work pipe chain to the service tool wash tube 22. Specifically, the open valve 72 may allow a flow of fluid to flow out of the orifice of cross 70 and enter an internal part of the service tool 22 through the hole of the housing 78 and the hole of the corresponding mandrel 150. The bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 may together form the valve 72. The valve 72 opens when the bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 are aligned, and the valve 72 closes when the bore of the housing 78 and the bore of the mandrel 150 is no longer aligned. The valve 72 can be closed with the settling weight or with the compression applied to the housing sleeve 76 of the service tool 22. Such compression can move the seals 152 of the housing sleeve 76 along the sealing surface 154 of the mandrel sleeve 74. Additionally, the locking ring 156 disposed in the housing sleeve 76 can engage the corresponding fastening profile 158 formed in the sleeve of the mandrel 74 to lock the sleeve of the mandrel 74 and the sleeve of the housing 76 in the compressed position. This can effectively block the valve 72 in the closed position, so that the fluid is then directed into the annular space to perform the gravel packing operation, as described above.
    It should be noted that other variations of the components that thread the described service tool 22 can be used in other embodiments. For example, the locking ring 156 and the corresponding clamping profile 158 can be arranged in the sleeve of the mandrel 74 and in the sleeve of the housing 76, respectively. Additionally, the valve 72 may include any desirable combination of holes, extensions, sealing surfaces, and so on, which facilitate a fluid path that can be closed from space 80 to the fluid path 82 inside the service tool 22 by sliding one or more shirts together. The embodiments described herein include:
    A. A termination system that includes an external termination chain having at least one packer disposed therein, a service tool disposed in the external termination chain and releasably attached to the packer, and a valve disposed in the service tool, where the valve is movable between a first position and a second position. The service tool includes an inner tube that defines a valve conduit. The first position of the valve allows fluid to flow from the production line coupled to the service tool above the packer in an annular space outside the service tool below the packer, and the second position of the valve prevents the fluid from the production pipe enters the annular space.
    B. One method includes directing a fluid flow from the work pipe chain coupled to a termination system in a space between the service tool and an external termination chain arranged around the service tool. The method also includes directing the flow of fluid from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain in an internal part of the service tool and to a washing tube arranged in a lower part of a service tool, when A service tool valve is in a first position. The method further includes blocking the fluid flow inlet to the inner part of the service tool when the valve is in a second position.
    C. A gravel packing system that includes a service tool. The service tool includes a washing tube arranged at one end of the service tool. The service tool also includes a crossover hole arranged in a wall of the service tool that allows fluid to flow between the work pipe chain coupled to an upper part of the service tool and a space between the service tool and an external termination chain. In addition, the service tool includes a valve disposed on the wall of the service tool that directs the fluid from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain in the service tool and to the wash tube when the valve it's open.
    Each of the embodiments A, B, and C can be combined with one or more of the additional elements to be followed: Element 1: in which the valve in the first position maintains fluid communication between the production pipe and the annular space below the packer before and during packing fixation. Element 2: also includes a service tool comprising a battery, a pump, a controller, and a hydraulic piston to apply a compression force to drive the packer by pressing the fluid through the pump to produce pressure behind the piston in order to seal and anchor the packer to a well. Element 3: It also includes a fixing tool to fix the packer in a well while maintaining a pressure within the production line at approximately the same pressure as in the well below the packager. Element 4: in which the service tool is releasable from the packer to move up through the external termination chain with the valve in the first position. Element 5: in which the service tool is movable from the first position to the second position through a compression force.
    Element 6: also includes the blocking of the valve in the second position. Element 7: in which the blocking of the valve in the second position includes attaching a locking ring of a first sleeve of the service tool to a clamping profile in a second sleeve of the service tool. Element 8: it also includes the maintenance of the valve in the first position before and while a service tool coupled to the fixing tool fixes a packer in a well. Element
    9: It also includes fixing the packer by means of a fixing tool while maintaining fluid communication between the work pipe chain and the well below the packer. Element 10: It also includes the closing of the valve by applying a compression force to the service tool through the work pipe chain. Element 11: also includes directing the flow of fluid from the washing tube, through one or more sieves arranged in a lower part of the external termination chain and in an annular space, when the valve is in the first position.
    Element 12: also includes the external termination chain; a packer to isolate a part of a well formed in an underground formation, where at least a part of the external termination chain is arranged in a position below the packer and at least partially circling the service tool; one or more sieves arranged at a lower end of the external termination chain; and a fixing tool arranged inside and removably coupled to the packer, wherein the fixing tool is coupled to the service tool. Element 13: wherein the external termination chain includes a gravel packing circulation jacket comprising a circulation hole through a wall of the gravel packing circulation jacket that allows fluid to flow from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain to a position outside the external termination chain. Element 14: in which the service tool includes a shear connection that keeps the valve open and shear in response to the compression of the service tool. Element 15: in which the service tool further includes a locking mechanism to lock the valve in a closed position when the valve is closed, in response to the compression of the service tool. Element 16: in which the service tool further includes a first sleeve having a crossing hole disposed therein and a second sleeve, wherein the first and second sleeves of the service tool are in a sliding coupling for closing or Open the valve, and where one of the shirts, the first or the second, includes an extension that closes over the valve when the first shirt and the second shirt are compressed together. Element 17: in which the service tool also includes a first jacket having a crossing hole disposed therein, and a second jacket, wherein the first and second shirts of the service tool are in a sliding coupling to close
    or opening the valve, and wherein the first jacket includes a first hole formed therein and where the second jacket includes a second hole formed therein, such that the valve is open when the first and second holes are aligned between them, and the valve is closed when the first and second holes are no longer aligned.
    Although the present description and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the description, as defined in the following claims. LIST OF ELEMENTS
    10 operating environment 12 gravel packing system 14 well 16 underground or zone formation 18 gravel packing packager 20 positioning tool 22 service tool 24 external termination chain (ie, circulation jacket for gravel packing) 26 sieves 27 annular space 28 annular space 30 gravel 31 axis 32 tubular chain / working pipe chain 34 wash tube 50 electric pump 52 hydraulic fluid reservoir (or any other fluid) 53 hydraulic piston 54 battery pack 56 sensor 70 crossing hole 72 valve 74 and 76 inner sleeves (74 mandrel sleeve; 76 housing sleeve) 78 housing hole 80 space 82 fluid path 84 return hole 86 shear connection 88 multi-action retaining ball 90 arrows 92 arrow 94 seal 96 component lock 98 circulation hole 100 arrows 110 settlement collar 112 part of indicator collar 1 14 extension 130 arrows 132 arrows 134 arrows 136 arrows 150 chuck hole 152 seals 154 sealing surface 156 locking ring 158 clamping profile
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    1. A gravel packing system in a well, comprising:
    an external termination chain (24) having at least one packer (18) disposed thereon;
    a service tool (22) disposed in the external termination chain and releasably coupled to the packer, wherein the service tool comprises an inner tube defining a valve conduit; Y
    a valve (72) disposed in the service tool, where the valve is movable between a first position and a second position, where the first position allows fluid to flow from a working pipe chain (32) coupled to the service tool on the packer to an annular space (28) outside the service tool below the packer through the valve conduit, and where the second position prevents fluid from the working pipe chain from entering the annular space
    [2]
    2. The packing system of claim 1, wherein the valve (72) in the first position maintains fluid communication between the working pipe chain and the annular space below the packer before and during the positioning of the packer.
    [3]
    3. The packing system of claim 1, further comprising a positioning tool (20) comprising a battery (54), a pump (50), a controller, and a hydraulic piston (53) for applying a compression force to actuate the packer by pressing the fluid through the pump to produce pressure behind the piston, in order to seal and anchor the packer to a well.
    [4]
    Four. The packing system of claim 1, further comprising a positioning tool (20) for positioning the packer in a well while maintaining a pressure within the working pipe chain at approximately the same pressure as in the well below of the packer.
    [5]
    5. The packing system of claim 1, wherein the service tool (22) is releasable from the packer to move upwardly through the external termination chain with the valve in the first position.
    [6]
    6. The packing system of claim 1, wherein the service tool (22) is movable from the first position to the second position through a compression force.
    [7]
    7.  A method comprising:
    directing (90) a fluid flow from a work pipe chain (32) coupled to a termination system to a space between the service tool (22) and an external termination chain (24) arranged around the tool service;
    directing (92, 100) the flow of fluid from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain in an internal part (82) of the service tool to a washing tube arranged in a lower part of a tool service, when a valve (72) of the service tool is in a first position; Y
    block the fluid flow inlet to the inside of the service tool when the valve is in a second position.
    [8]
    8.  The method of claim 7, further comprising blocking the valve (72) in the second position.
    [9]
    9.  The method of claim 8, wherein the blocking of the valve in the second position comprises coupling a locking ring (156) of a first sleeve of the service tool with a clamping profile (158) in a second sleeve of the service tool
    [10]
    10.  The method of claim 7, further comprising maintaining the valve
    (72) in the first position before and while a positioning tool (20) coupled to the service tool (22) positions a packer in a well.
    [11]
    eleven. The method of claim 10, further comprising positioning the packer through a positioning tool (20) while maintaining fluid communication between the work pipe chain and the well below the packer.
    [12]
    12. The method of claim 7, further comprising closing the valve (72) by applying a compression force to the service tool through the work pipe chain.
    [13]
    13.  The method of claim 7, further comprising directing the flow of fluid from the wash tube, through one or more sieves (26) disposed in a lower part of the external termination chain, and into an annular space when the Valve is in the first position.
    [14]
    14.  A gravel packing system, comprising:
    a service tool (22), wherein the service tool comprises: a washing tube (34) disposed at one end of the service tool;
    a crossover hole (70) arranged in a wall of the service tool that allows fluid to flow between the work pipe chain (32) coupled to an upper part of the service tool and a space between the service tool (22) and an external termination chain (24); Y
    a valve (72) disposed on the wall of the service tool that directs the fluid from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain to the service tool and to the wash tube when the valve is open.
    [15]
    15. The gravel packing system of claim 14, further comprising:
    the external termination chain (24);
    a packer (18) for insulating a part of a well formed in an underground formation, where at least a part of the external termination chain is arranged in a position below the packer and at least partially circling the service tool ;
    one or more sieves (26) disposed at a lower end of the external termination chain; Y
    a positioning tool (20) disposed inside and removably coupled to the packer, wherein the positioning tool is coupled to the service tool (22).
    [16]
    16.  The gravel packing system of claim 15, wherein the external termination chain includes a gravel packing circulation jacket (24) comprising a circulation hole (98) through a wall of the circulation jacket of the gravel packing that allows fluid to flow from the space between the service tool and the external termination chain to a position outside the external termination chain.
    [17]
    17. The gravel packing system of claim 14, wherein the service tool (22) comprises a shear connection (86) that keeps the valve open and that shears in response to the compression of the service tool.
    [18]
    18. The gravel packing system of claim 14, wherein the service tool (22) further comprises a locking mechanism (153, 156) for locking the valve in a closed position when the valve is closed, in response to Compression of the service tool.
    [19]
    19. The gravel packing system of claim 14, wherein the service tool (22) additionally comprises a first sleeve (74) having the crossing hole disposed therein and a second sleeve (76), wherein the first and second service tool shirts are in a sliding coupling to close or
    5 open the valve, and wherein one of the shirts, first or second, comprises an extension that closes over the valve when the first shirt and the second shirt are compressed together.
    [20]
    20. The gravel packing system of claim 14, wherein the service tool (22) additionally comprises a first sleeve (74) having a crossing hole disposed therein and a second sleeve (76), in where the first and second sleeve of the service tool are in a sliding coupling to close or open the valve, and where the first sleeve comprises a first hole formed therein and where the second sleeve comprises a second hole formed therein , so that the valve is open when the first and second holes are aligned
    15 between them, and the valve is closed when the first and second holes are no longer aligned.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016108886A1|2016-07-07|
    NO342994B1|2018-09-17|
    NO20170834A1|2017-05-22|
    AU2014415558B2|2018-04-26|
    ES2659836R1|2018-05-08|
    SG11201703465YA|2017-05-30|
    GB201708603D0|2017-07-12|
    ES2659836B1|2019-01-02|
    BR112017009426A2|2017-12-19|
    US10323488B2|2019-06-18|
    GB2546953B|2018-01-03|
    GB2546953A|2017-08-02|
    US20170342810A1|2017-11-30|
    AU2014415558A1|2017-05-11|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/US2014/072992|WO2016108886A1|2014-12-31|2014-12-31|Gravel pack service tool with enhanced pressure maintenance|
    WOPCT/US2014/072992|2014-12-31|
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